Analog

An analog signal is a way of encoding information. An analog signal is a continuous signal that represents some value that varies over time (e.g., distance, temperature, amplitude, frequency, resistance etc.).

Most modern electronics require analog signals to be converted to Digital. Many Microcontrollers have analog signal input pins, which when used with an Analog to Digital Converter, can convert the analog signal to a digital equivalent, which can then be used by digital components.

In the opposite direction many microcontrollers can form an approximate analog output using digital outputs through processes such as Pulse Width Modulation.