Multiplexer
From bildr
A multiplexer, or mux, is a device that can select one of many analog or digital input signals and forward it into a single input. In essence, the mux allows you to connect many sensors to a single input while still being able to read from them as if they were all on separate inputs. This is helpful if your Microcontroller has less inputs than you need.
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Difference between mux and Shift register
References
This page is an Article on bildr. Articles are pages that define or explain a concept, method, or generic item.